Why shark attacks fell sharply in 2024 is unclear
Unprovoked shark attacks fell to 47 worldwide in 2024, a significant decline from previous years, though scientists are unsure of the exact cause.
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According to new data, the number of unprovoked shark attacks fell sharply in 2024, with 47 incidents reported worldwide, down 22 from the previous year and well below the 10-year average (70). The United States experienced the highest number of unprovoked shark attacks, with 28 reported incidents, including one fatal attack by an unknown shark species off the northwest coast of Oahu, Hawaii. However, this overall U.S. rate was nearly a third lower than in 2023, reported by CNN.
The Florida Museum of Natural History compiles the International Shark Attack File, which tracks known shark attacks, in collaboration with scientists around the world. The database only includes unprovoked attacks, or those in which a person does not come into contact with the shark.
Sharks Don’t Seek Out People
A number of factors are likely to have contributed to the decline in attacks in 2024. These factors include changes in ocean currents, fluctuations in the number of people in the water in certain areas, and even changes in the popularity of water activities like surfing and scuba diving. Australia, which had the second-highest number of shark attacks last year, reported nine unprovoked shark bites and no fatalities.
Neil Hammerschlag, executive director of the Shark Research Foundation and president of Atlantic Shark Expeditions in Nova Scotia, said sharks don’t seek out people, and most incidents are cases of mistaken identity. With more people using the oceans than ever before — whether for recreation, fishing or other activities — you can expect to see an increase in bites. However, the fact that the numbers are even lower than last year supports the idea that humans are not natural prey or even likely targets for sharks.
How to Reduce Your Risk of a Shark Encounter
Early warning systems, deterrents, and barriers have been shown to reduce shark bites in some areas, so this may also play a role. The chances of a person being bitten by a shark are incredibly low, according to the International Shark Attack Archive. The International Shark Attack Archive was established in 1958. Staff working to track shark attacks have opened 6,800 investigations, spanning the period from the early 1500s to the present.
To reduce your risk of a shark encounter, the Florida Museum of Natural History recommends removing reflective jewelry before swimming in the ocean, avoiding areas where people are fishing, swimming with friends, staying close to shore, and avoiding excessive splashing.
